![]() How many elements can you guess just by looking at their atomic symbol? Classifying Elements Helps You Read the Periodic Table Mercury has the designation Hg because of its Greek name - hydrargyrum, which means ‘liquid silver.” Silver meanwhile has the designation Ag, for its Latin name - Argentum which later became the French word for the same color: argent. Potassium has the designation K because of its Neo-Latin name - Kalium. In others, like potassium or mercury, scientists have to look back into history. In most cases, like oxygen or carbon, it’s simply the first letter of the element’s name. Atomic Symbolįinally, an element’s name determines the atom’s symbol. Future research can change the listed atomic weight of these elements. The atomic weight of these elements is based on the element that survived longest when it was created. These artificial elements don’t exist naturally and haven’t survived longer than several milliseconds at a time. Scientists created elements 93 through 118 in a laboratory. Isotopes have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. This number is the average mass of the element’s isotopes, including all electrons, protons and neutrons. The atomic mass is the number located at the bottom of an element key. Not only does it let you count the protons and electrons, but it also determines the element’s place on the table. Every element on the periodic table has an atomic number assigned to it. With oxygen, that tells you that there are eight positive protons in the center of each atom, and eight negative electronics orbiting it. The element’s atomic number lets you know how many protons are in the nucleus, and how many electrons are in orbit around it. The Element Key helps you learn about the individual elements in the periodic table.
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